GEO 125

Physical Geography


Global Models:  Atmospheric Pressure and Precipitation

Atmospheric pressure defined

Standard atmospheric pressure at mean-sea-level

  • 29.93 inches of mercury
  • 1013.25 millibars

Adjustment for atmospheric pressure with altitude

Types of barometers

  • Mercurial 
  • Aneroid

High versus low pressure

High pressure

  • cool air
  • descending air
  • dry air
  • stable air
  • converging aloft
  • diverging at the surface
  • fair weather
  • anticyclonic wind circulation

Low pressure

  • warm air
  • rising air
  • moist air
  • unstable air
  • diverging aloft
  • converging at the surface
  • foul weather
  • cyclonic wind circulation

Types of global pressure systems

  • Thermal high pressure
  • Thermal low pressure
  • Dynamic high pressure
  • Dynamic low pressure

Upper atmospheric circulation cells

  • Hadley cell
  • Ferrell cell
  • Polar cell

Global pressure bands

  • Equatorial low (thermal low pressure)
  • Subtropical high pressure at 30 degrees north and south longitudes (dynamic high pressure)
  • Subpolar low pressure at 60 degrees north and south latitudes (dynamic low pressure)
  • Polar highs at north and south poles (thermal high pressure)

Global precipitation patterns

  • Equatorial low - humid conditions
  • Subtropical highs - arid conditions
  • Subpolar lows - humid conditions
  • Polar highs - arid conditions

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